Geetam, (Sanskrit: ????; g?ta?) the simplest music form in Carnatic music, was created by Purandara Dasa in order to introduce talas with s?hitya? (lyrics).
G?ta? literally means "song" in Sanskrit.
Video Geetam
Structure
A g?ta? is a simple devotional melody song with same tempo throughout the song. There is no "anga" change, repetition and sa?gati in g?ta?. G?ta?s usually have 10/12 avarthanams.
Though g?ta?s have no absolutely defined divisions of pallavi, anupallavi or charanas, they may be observed in some cases. Some g?ta?s contain sections rather than the defined divisions (pallavi etc.). They often have no sangatis or variations, with each swara taking one syllable of the sahitya. The g?ta? is sung without repetition from the beginning to end. However most g?ta?s are concluded by repeating a portion of the opening part. G?ta?s are set in medium tempo and contain no sa?gatis or variations and the flow of the music is natural. The theme of the s?hitya? (lyrics) is to praise God. Students learn these g?ta?s after attaining a course in the preliminary sara?? svar?s and ala?k?r?s.
Maps Geetam
Types of g?ta?s
There are three types of g?ta?s in Carnatic music tradition:
- S?m?nya g?ta?: the simple song and it is also called s?dh?ra?a g?ta? or sanc?ri g?ta?.
- Laksha?a g?ta?: the s?hitya? (lyrics), instead of praising God, enumerates in so many words, the lakshana of the raga, in which it is composed-giving among other details, its vakra svar?, graha, nysa, a??a svar? and its parent raga (m??akarta r?ga). Most laksha?a g?ta?s have been composed by Purandara Dasa.
- Suladi g?ta?:
Some well known g?ta?s
- Vara V??? Mr?dup??i (Sanskrit) in Mohanam Raga (Janya of 28th Mela Harikambhoji) - Chatushruti Jati Rupaka Tala
- ?r? Ga?an?tha (La?b?dara) (Sanskrit) in Malahari R?ga (Janya of 15th Mela Mayamalavagowla) - Chathushruti Jati Rupaka Tala
- Analekara in Shuddha Saveri Raga (Janya of 29th Mela Sankarabharanam) - Tisra Jati Triputa Tala
- Kamala Ja?ala (Telugu) in Kalyani R?ga 65th M??akarta R?ga)- Tisra Jati Triputa Tala
References
External links
- Sivakumar Carnatic Music Archive Geetam collection
- The Pulijalas
Source of the article : Wikipedia